What is the capital of Iceland?
Reykjavík, the capital and largest city of Iceland, boasts a population of approximately 140,000 as of 2023, a notable increase from 121,822 in 2015. Serving as the focal point for Iceland's cultural, economic, and governmental affairs, Reykjavík is a sought-after destination for tourists worldwide. Renowned for its cleanliness, greenery, and safety, the city has earned a reputation as one of the world's cleanest, greenest, and safest urban centers.
Capital of Iceland on map
Iceland is situated at the confluence of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. The primary island lies entirely to the south of the Arctic Circle, with the circle passing through the small Icelandic island of Grímsey off its northern coast. Positioned between latitudes 63 and 68°N, and longitudes 25 and 13°W, Iceland is geographically closer to continental Europe than mainland North America. Despite its proximity to Greenland, an island of North America (290 kilometers; 155 nautical miles), Iceland is generally considered a part of Europe for various reasons, including geographical, historical, political, cultural, linguistic, and practical considerations. Geologically, the island encompasses sections of both continental plates. The Faroe Islands (420 km; 225 nautical miles), Jan Mayen Island (570 km; 310 nautical miles), Shetland, and the Outer Hebrides (approximately 740 km or 400 nautical miles) are the closest European land masses, while mainland Norway is about 970 km (525 nautical miles) away. In comparison, mainland North America, specifically the northern tip of Labrador, is 2,070 km (1,120 nautical miles) distant from Iceland.
Do most of the people in Iceland live in the capital?
Urban areas, defined as localities with populations exceeding 200, accommodate about 99% of the country's residents, and the Capital Region alone hosts 64% of the population.
Why is Reykjavík so popular?
Reykjavik holds the distinction of being the world's northernmost capital. Although not as sprawling as some other capitals, the city pulsates with vitality. Its dynamic art scene is attested to by numerous renowned Icelandic bands and artists. Reykjavik boasts a wealth of exceptional museums and attractions for visitors to explore. The city itself is vibrant and characterized by a welcoming community.
Why is Reykjavík the capital of Iceland?
Reykjavík became the capital of Iceland due to historical and strategic considerations. The decision was influenced by its coastal location, which facilitated trade and communication, as well as its proximity to essential natural resources. Over time, Reykjavík evolved into a central hub for cultural, economic, and administrative activities, solidifying its role as the capital and the focal point of Iceland's societal and political life.
Capital of Iceland: history and facts
According to legend, Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland, traces its origins to the establishment of the first permanent Norse settlement by Ingólfr Arnarson around AD 870, as recounted in the Book of Settlement. Legend has it that Ingólfr used a traditional Norse method to choose the settlement's location, casting his high seat pillars overboard and committing to settle wherever they washed ashore. After three years of searching, his slaves found the pillars in the bay that later became Reykjavík.
The name "Reykjavík" has Old Norse roots, derived from "reykr" (smoke) and "vík" (bay), inspired by steam rising from hot springs in the area. Originally "Reykjar-vík," it evolved into "Reykjavík" when urban development commenced. The city's urbanization began in the 18th century when King Frederik V of Denmark donated the Reykjavík estate to the Innréttingar corporation, fostering industries like wool, fisheries, sulphur mining, agriculture, and shipbuilding.
Reykjavík's pivotal role in Iceland's independence struggle emerged in the 19th century. In 1845, Alþingi, the historic assembly formed in AD 930, was re-established in Reykjavík, marking a shift in the city's status. By 1874, with Iceland's constitution, Alþingi gained limited legislative powers. Home Rule was granted in 1904, and on December 1, 1918, Iceland became a sovereign country in personal union with Denmark.
The city's growth accelerated post-World War II, with positive economic effects of the allied occupation. Reykjavík witnessed significant development, hosting events like the world chess championship in 1972 and the Reykjavík Summit in 1986. The financial and IT sectors became prominent employers in the city following deregulation in the 1990s. Reykjavík has also nurtured world-famous musicians and artists, contributing to its international status.
Some facts:
The Leif Erikson statue, a notable monument of the Norse explorer, holds its place outside the Hallgrimskirkja church in Reykjavík. This statue was a generous gift from the United States, presented during the 1930 Althing Millennial Festival, commemorating the 1,000th anniversary of the establishment of the Icelandic parliament.
Despite initial plans for a high-speed rail line connecting Reykjavík and Keflavik Airport, Iceland lacks intercity railroads. The absence of a national railroad network is attributed to the country's small population and challenging geological conditions. Nonetheless, visitors to Reykjavík can encounter two steam locomotives on display, relics from a small railroad used during the early 20th century for constructing the harbor breakwaters.
The name "Reykjavík" has Old Norse roots, derived from "reykr" (smoke) and "vík" (bay), inspired by steam rising from hot springs in the area. Originally "Reykjar-vík," it evolved into "Reykjavík" when urban development commenced. The city's urbanization began in the 18th century when King Frederik V of Denmark donated the Reykjavík estate to the Innréttingar corporation, fostering industries like wool, fisheries, sulphur mining, agriculture, and shipbuilding.
Reykjavík's pivotal role in Iceland's independence struggle emerged in the 19th century. In 1845, Alþingi, the historic assembly formed in AD 930, was re-established in Reykjavík, marking a shift in the city's status. By 1874, with Iceland's constitution, Alþingi gained limited legislative powers. Home Rule was granted in 1904, and on December 1, 1918, Iceland became a sovereign country in personal union with Denmark.
The city's growth accelerated post-World War II, with positive economic effects of the allied occupation. Reykjavík witnessed significant development, hosting events like the world chess championship in 1972 and the Reykjavík Summit in 1986. The financial and IT sectors became prominent employers in the city following deregulation in the 1990s. Reykjavík has also nurtured world-famous musicians and artists, contributing to its international status.
Some facts:
The Leif Erikson statue, a notable monument of the Norse explorer, holds its place outside the Hallgrimskirkja church in Reykjavík. This statue was a generous gift from the United States, presented during the 1930 Althing Millennial Festival, commemorating the 1,000th anniversary of the establishment of the Icelandic parliament.
Despite initial plans for a high-speed rail line connecting Reykjavík and Keflavik Airport, Iceland lacks intercity railroads. The absence of a national railroad network is attributed to the country's small population and challenging geological conditions. Nonetheless, visitors to Reykjavík can encounter two steam locomotives on display, relics from a small railroad used during the early 20th century for constructing the harbor breakwaters.
